Total Solar Eclipse
In short
A total solar eclipse happens when the Moon moves directly between the Earth and the Sun, completely blocking the Sun's light for a few minutes.
In plain words
The Moon passes in front of the Sun and casts a shadow on Earth. During this time, the sky turns dark as if it were night. You can only see the Sun's outer atmosphere safely.
A simple example
If you stand in the path of the shadow, the Sun will disappear behind the Moon. For a short moment, you will see a black circle surrounded by a glowing ring of light.
Why it matters
These events allow scientists to study the Sun's corona, which is usually hidden by bright light. They are also rare, spectacular sights that bring many people together to watch.
Easy to mix up
Do not confuse this with a lunar eclipse, which is when the Earth's shadow falls on the Moon.