Aadhar
In short
A twelve-digit unique identity number issued to residents of India based on their biometric and demographic data. It is managed by the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI).
In plain words
It is a digital ID card for people living in India. It uses fingerprints and eye scans to prove who you are. This helps people access government services and bank accounts easily.
A simple example
A person uses their Aadhaar number and fingerprint at a local office to receive a government subsidy directly into their bank account.
Why it matters
It provides a standardised way to verify identity across a massive population. This reduces fraud and ensures welfare benefits reach the correct individuals.
Easy to mix up
Do not confuse it with a PAN card, which is used specifically for tax and financial transactions in India.